游泳大概是性价比最高的运动之一：水的浮力减轻关节压力，全身肌肉都能调动起来，燃脂效率也不低。不少人在泳池里泡了整个夏天，体脂降了、心肺强了，却在社交平台上刷到“游泳感染腺病毒”“游泳会得HPV”的消息，自律坚持的心突然多了层犹豫，也添了几分担忧。

这些说法里，哪些有文献和真实暴发记录支撑，哪些属于过度恐慌？

腺病毒：泳池相关暴发有多起记录

2013年，北京某大学游泳池

55名学生和教职工出现发热、咽痛、结膜炎。研究人员从患者的眼拭子、咽拭子和浓缩池水样本中，都检出了腺病毒4型。比对发现，池水中的病毒基因序列与患者样本100%一致。

· 选场馆时，可以留意卫生许可证和水质公示。按照标准，游离余氯应在0.3~1.0 mg/L之间，pH值在7.0~7.8之间。

· 游泳时，泳镜、鼻夹、耳塞能减少眼、鼻、喉黏膜与池水的直接接触。尽量不吞咽池水。

· 皮肤有伤口时，暂时不下水。

· 泳后及时淋浴，清洗眼睛和口腔。毛巾、拖鞋自带，不与他人混用。

· 游泳后3到8天内，如果出现发热、咽痛、眼睛红肿，可以留意是否与近期游泳有关。腺病毒潜伏期通常在这个区间。

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